Thursday, 19 July 2012
QUESTIONS BANK 5 : FORCE AND FORCE SYSTEM
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QUESTIONS BANK 4 : FORCE AND FORCE SYSTEM
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QUESTIONS BANK 3 : FORCE AND FORCE SYSTEM
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Tuesday, 17 July 2012
NEW SYLLABUS FOR MANUFACTURING SCIENCE: FIRST YEAR OF MTU FOR 2012-13
MANUFACTURING SCIENCE (EME-101/EME-201)
Unit-I
Properties, Inspection and Testing of materials
Introduction to stress & strain
Mechanical Properties: Strength, Elasticity, Stiffness, Malleability, Ductility, Brittleness, Resilience, Toughness and Hardness.
Elementary ideas of Creep, Fatigue & Fracture
Testing of metals: Destructive testing, tensile testing, Compression test, Hardness tests, Impact test.
Unit-II
Basic Metals & Alloys: Properties and Applications
Ferrous Materials: Carbon steels, its classification based on % carbon as low, mild, medium & high carbon steel, its properties & applications.
Wrought iron, Cast iron, Alloy steels: stainless steel, tool steel.
Elementary introduction to Heat- treatment of carbon steels: Annealing, Normalizing, Quenching Tempering & case-hardening.
Non-Ferrous metals & alloys: Common uses of various non-ferrous metals & alloys and its composition such as Cu-alloys: Brass, Bronze, Al-alloys such as Duralumin.
Unit III
Introduction to Metal Forming & Casting Process and its applications
Metal Forming: Basic metal forming operations & uses of such as: Forging, Rolling, Wire & Tube-drawing/making and Extrusion, and its products/applications, Press-work, die & punch assembly, cutting and forming, its applications, Hot-working versus cold-working.
Casting: Pattern & allowances, Moulding sands and its desirable properties, Mould making with the use of a core, Gating system, Casting defects & remedies, Cupola Furnace, Die-casting and its uses.
Unit-IV
Introduction to Machining & Welding and its applications
Machining: Basic principles of Lathe-machine and operations performed on it, Basic description of machines and operations of Shaper, Planer, Drilling, and Milling & Grinding.
Welding: Importance & basic concepts of welding, Classification of welding processes. Gas-welding, types of flames, Electric-Arc welding, Resistance welding, Soldering & Brazing and its uses.
Unit-V
Miscellaneous Topics
Manufacturing: Importance of Materials & Manufacturing towards Technological & Socio- Economic developments, Plant location, Plant layout – its types, Types of Production, Production versus productivity. Miscellaneous Processes: Powder-metallurgy process & its applications, Plastic-products manufacturing, Galvanizing and Electroplating.
Thursday, 12 July 2012
QUESTIONS BANK 2: FORCE AND FORCE SYSTEM
(I am going to publish a question bank for EME-102/EME-202 of 1st yr.
MTU; Greater Noida. Some pages from the book .......Subhankar Karmakar)
FOA = (P sin β)/ sin (α +β)
1) Explain the principle of Super-position.
Ans: The principle of superposition states
that “The effect of a force on a body does not change and remains same if we
add or subtract any system which is in equilibrium.”
In the fig 4 a, a force P is applied at
point A in a beam, where as in the fig 4 b, force P is applied at point A and a
force system in equilibrium which is added at point B. Principle of super
position says that both will produce the same effect.
2) What is “Force-Couple system?”
Ans: When a force is required to transfer
from a point A to point B, we can transfer the force directly without changing
its magnitude and direction but along with the moment of force about point B.
As a result of parallel transfer a system is obtained which is always a
combination of a force and a moment or couple. This system consists of a force
and a couple at a point is known as Force-Couple system.
In fig 5 a, a force P acts on a bar at point
A, now at point B we introduce a system of forces in equilibrium (fig 5 b),
hence according to principle of superposition there is no change in effect of
the original system. Now we can reduce the downward force P at point A and
upward force P at point B as a couple of magnitude Pxd at point B (fig 5 c).
3) What
do you understand by Equivalent force systems?
Ans: Two different force systems will be
equivalent if they can be reduced to the same force-couple system at a given
point. So, we can say that two force systems acting on the same rigid body will
be equivalent if the sums of forces or resultant and sums of the moments about
a point are equal.
4) What is orthogonal or perpendicular resolution of a
force?
Ans: The resolution of a force into
two components which are mutually perpendicular to each other along X-axis and
Y-axis is called orthogonal resolution of a force.
If a force F acts on an object at an angle θ with the
positive X-axis, then its component along X-axis is Fx = Fcosθ,
and that along Y-axis is Fy = Fsinθ
5) What
is oblique or non-perpendicular resolution of a force?
Ans: When a force is required to be resolved
in to two directions which are not perpendiculars to each other the resolution
is called oblique or Non-perpendicular resolution of a force.
FOA = (P sin β)/ sin (α +β)
FOB
= (P sin α)/ sin
(α +β)
Labels:
2012-13,
B.Tech,
concurrent,
coplanar,
EME-102,
EME-202,
engineering,
ENGINEERING MECHANICS,
EQUILIBRIUM,
FORCE,
force system,
gbtu,
ghaziabad,
Lecture notes,
lectures on mechanics,
Mechanical,
mechanics,
mtu
Wednesday, 11 July 2012
QUESTION BANK 1: FORCE AND FORCE SYSTEM
(I am going to publish a question bank for EME-102/EME-202 of 1st yr. MTU; Greater Noida. Some pages from the book .......Subhankar Karmakar)
QUESTION BANK: ENGINEERING MECHANICS
The fig 3 a shows a force F acting at a point of
application A and fig 3 b, the same force F acts along the same line of action
but at a different point of action at B and both are equivalent to each other.
QUESTION BANK: ENGINEERING MECHANICS
by Er. Subhankar Karmakar
Unit: 1 (Force System)
VERY SHORT QUESTIONS (2 marks):
1) What is force and force system?
Ans: A force is a physical quantity having magnitude as well as direction. Therefore, it is a vector quantity. It is defined as an "external agency" which produces or tends to produce or destroys or tends to destroy the motion when applied on a body.
Its unit is Newton (N) in S.I. systems and dyne in C.G.S. system.
When two or more forces act on a body or particle, it is called force system. Therefore, a force system is a collection of two or more forces.
2) What is static equilibrium? What are the different types
of static equilibrium?
Ans: A body is said to be in static equilibrium when there is
no change in position as well as no rotation exist on the body. So to be in
equilibrium process, there must not be any kind of motions ie there must not be
any kind of translational motion as well as rotational motion.
We
also know that to have a linear translational motion we need a net force acting
on the object towards the direction of motion, again to induce an any kind of
rotational motion, a net moment must exists acting on the body. Further it can
be said that any kind of complex motion can be resolved into a translational
motion coupled with a rotating motion.
“Therefore a body subjected to a force system would be at
rest if and only if the net force as well as the net moment on the body is
zero.”
There are three types of Static Equilibrium
1. Stable Equilibrium
2. Unstable Equilibrium
3. Neutral Equilibrium
3) What are the characteristics of a force?
Ans: A force has four (4) basic characteristics.
·
Magnitude: It is the value of
the force. It is represented by the length of the arrow that we use to
represent a force.
·
Direction: A force always
acts along a line, which is called as the “line of action”. The arrow head we
used to represent a force is the direction of that force.
·
Nature or Sense: The arrow head
also represent the nature of a force. A force may be a pull or a push. If a
force acts towards a particle it will be a push and if the force acts away from
a point it is pull.
·
Point of Application: It is the original
location of a point on a body where the force is acting.
4) What are the effects of a force acting on a body?
Whenever a force acts on a body or particle,
it may produce some external as well as internal effects or changes.
·
A force may change the state or position of a body by inducing
motion of the body. (External effect)
·
A force may change the size or shape of an object when applied
on it. It may deform the body thus inducing internal effects on the body.
·
A force may induce rotational motion into a body when applied at
a point other than its center of gravity.
·
A force can make a moving body into an equilibrium state at
rest.
5) What is composition and resolution of forces?
Ans: Composition
of forces: Composition or compounding is the procedure to find out single
resultant force of a force system
Resolution
of forces: Resolution is the procedure of splitting up a single force into
number of components without changing the effect of the same.
6) What is Resultant and Equilibrant?
Ans: Resultant: The resultant of a force system is
the Force which produces same effect as the combined forces of the force system
would do. So if we replace all components of the force by the resultant force,
then there will be no change in effect.
The Resultant of a force system is a vector addition of
all the components of the force system. The magnitude as well as direction of a
resultant can be measured through analytical method.
Equilibrant: Any concurrent set of forces, not
in equilibrium, can be put into a state of equilibrium by a single force. This
force is called the Equilibrant. It is equal in magnitude, opposite in sense
and co-linear with the resultant. When this force is added to the force system,
the sum of all of the forces is equal to zero.
7) Explain the principle of Transmissibility?
Ans: The principle of transmissibility states “the point
of application of a force can be transmitted anywhere along the line of action,
but within the body.”
Labels:
2012-13,
B.Tech,
concurrent,
coplanar,
EME-102,
EME-202,
engineering,
ENGINEERING MECHANICS,
EQUILIBRIUM,
FORCE,
force system,
gbtu,
ghaziabad,
Lecture notes,
lectures on mechanics,
Mechanical,
mechanics,
mtu
Sunday, 8 July 2012
NEW SYLLABUS FOR ENGINEERING MECHANICS: FIRST YEAR OF MTU FOR 2012-13
ENGINEERING MECHANICS
L T P
3 1 2
UNIT I
Two Dimensional Concurrent Force Systems: Basic concepts, Units, Force systems, Laws of motion, Moment and Couple, Vectors - Vector representation of forces and moments - Vector operations. Principle of Transmissibility of forces, Resultant of a force system, Equilibrium and Equations of equilibrium, Equilibrium conditions, Free body diagrams, Determination of reaction, Resultant of two dimensional concurrent forces, Applications of concurrent forces. 8
UNIT II
Two Dimensional Non-Concurrent Force Systems: Basic Concept, Varignon’s theorem, Transfer of a Force to Parallel Position, Distributed force system, Types of Supports and their Reactions, Converting force into couple and vise versa. 3
Friction: Introduction, Laws of Coulomb Friction, Equilibrium of bodies involving dry-friction, Belt friction, Ladder Friction, Screw jack 3
Structure: Plane truss, Perfect and Imperfect Truss, Assumption in the Truss Analysis, Analysis of Perfect Plane Trusses by the Method of Joints, Method of Section. 4
UNIT III
Centroid and Moment of Inertia: Centroid of plane, curve, area, volume and composite bodies,
Moment of inertia of plane area, Parallel Axes Theorem, Perpendicular axes theorems, Mass Moment of Inertia of Circular Ring, Disc, Cylinder, Sphere and Cone about their, Axis of Symmetry. Pappus-theorems, Polar moment of inertia. 8
UNIT IV
Kinematics of Rigid Body: Introduction, Plane Rectilinear Motion of Rigid Body, Plane Curvilinear Motion of Rigid Body, Velocity and Acceleration under Translation and Rotational Motion, Relative Velocity. 8
UNIT (V)
Kinetics of Rigid Body: Introduction, Force, Mass and Acceleration, Work and Energy, Impulse and Momentum, D’Alembert’s Principles and Dynamic Equilibrium, Friction in moving bodies. 8
Text books:
1. Engineering Mechanics Statics , J.L Meriam , Wiley
2. Engineering Mechanics Dynamics , J.L Meriam , Wiley
3. Engineering Mechanics – Statics & Dynamics by A Nelson, McGraw Hill
4. Engineering Mechanics : Statics and Dynamics, R. C. Hibbler
5. Mechanics of Solids by Abdul Mubeen, Pearson Education Asia.
6. Mechanics of Materials by E.P.Popov, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited.
ENGINEERING MECHANICS- LAB
(Any 10 experiments of the following or such experiments suitably designed)
1. Polygon law of Co-planer forces (concurrent)
2. Bell crank lever -Jib crane
3. Support reaction for beam
4. Collision of elastic bodies(Law of conservation of momentum
5. Moment of inertia of fly wheel.
6. Screw fiction by using screw jack
7. To study the slider-crank mechanism etc. of 2-stroke & 4-stroke I.C. Engine models.
8. Friction experiment(s) on inclined plane and/or on screw-jack.
9. Simple & compound gear-train experiment.
10. Worm & worm-wheel experiment for load lifting.
11. Belt-Pulley experiment. .
12. Experiment on Trusses.
13. Statics experiment on equilibrium
14. Dynamics experiment on momentum conservation
15. Dynamics experiment on collision for determining coefficient of restitution.
16. Simple/compound pendulum
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